Teenagers to be offered new vocational GCSE subjects in school

New vocational GCSEs will be introduced from 2029 for 14-year-olds alongside existing core academic subjects in England.

The new subjects could include building and construction, business management and finance, and child development.

A new national target for employers to help create 200,000 work experience opportunities for under 16s is also being set by Prime Minister Andy Burnham, as part of reforms to shake-up the education system to better prepare young people for the world of work.

Education unions said the ideas were welcome but a clear strategy was needed to make them happen. The Conservatives said the plans risked "throwing away" progress made in recent years.

Standards for the new qualifications will be set nationally by the regulator Ofqual to ensure grades are in line with other GCSEs, and will gradually replace other qualifications at this level such as BTec tech awards.

The vocational GCSEs will be designed to allow teenagers to progress at 16 to studying similar courses at college, including the new V-levels which colleges are teaching from autumn 2026, and T-levels .

The idea is to create a clear pathway for teenagers into different types of work through a ladder of qualifications.

Education Secretary Lucy Powell argued the new vocational GCSEs would give young people a "stronger connection" to careers, while the prime minister said it was a change from a "one size fits all" education system.